PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.
